Suppose a university wants to keep track of its students' information, such as their name, age, and student ID

Suppose a university wants to keep track of its students' information, such as their name, age, and student ID, for various purposes such as enrollment, attendance, and grading. The university could create a Student class that includes these member variables to represent each student and use the class to store and manipulate the information of each student.

Considering the given scenario create a C++ program with Student class that includes three member variables: name, age, and studentId, and provides a default constructor, a parameterized constructor, a copy constructor that performs a shallow copy, and an assignment operator that performs a deep copy. The main function creates three Student objects using different constructors, and demonstrates the differences between shallow and deep copying by modifying one object's name and printing the values of all three objects. The Student class could be used in a real-life scenario such as a university keeping track of students' information for enrollment, attendance, and grading purposes.

Class Name:	Student
Data Members	- name: string
	- age: int
	- studentId: int
Methods	- Default constructor
	- Parameterized constructor
	- Copy constructor (shallow copy)
	- Assignment operator (deep copy)
	- Getter method for name
	- Getter method for age
	- Getter method for studentId
	- Setter method for name
	- Setter method for age
	- Setter method for studentId
	- Print method to display student info
Main	- Creates s1 using parameterized ctor
	- Creates s2 using copy constructor
	- Creates s3 using assignment operator
	- Modifies name of s1
	- Prints all three Student objects

Solution:

Program:

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

class Student {

private:

    std::string name;

    int age;

    std::string studentId;

public:

    // Default constructor

    Student() {

        name = "";

        age = 0;

        studentId = "";

    }

    // Parameterized constructor

    Student(const std::string& name, int age, const std::string& studentId) {

        this->name = name;

        this->age = age;

        this->studentId = studentId;

    }

    // Copy constructor (shallow copy)

    Student(const Student& other) {

        name = other.name;

        age = other.age;

        studentId = other.studentId;

    }

    // Assignment operator (deep copy)

    Student& operator=(const Student& other) {

        if (this != &other) {

            name = other.name;

            age = other.age;

            studentId = other.studentId;

        }

        return *this;

    }

    // Getter methods

    std::string getName() const {

        return name;

    }

    int getAge() const {

        return age;

    }

    std::string getStudentId() const {

        return studentId;

    }

    // Setter methods

    void setName(const std::string& name) {

        this->name = name;

    }

    void setAge(int age) {

        this->age = age;

    }

    void setStudentId(const std::string& studentId) {

        this->studentId = studentId;

    }

    // Print method

    void print() const {

        std::cout << name << ", Age: " << age << ", Student ID: " << studentId << std::endl;

    }

};

int main() {

    // Create s1 using parameterized constructor

    Student s1("Maryam", 18, "BC123456");

    // Create s2 using copy constructor

    Student s2 = s1;

    // Modify name of s1

    s1.setName("Ali");

    // Create s3 using assignment operator

    Student s3;

    s3 = s1;

    // Print all three Student objects

    std::cout << "s1: ";

    s1.print();

    std::cout << "s3: ";

    s3.print();

    std::cout << "s2: ";

    s2.print();

    return 0;

}

Output: