Introduction to Psychology MCQs | PSY101 MCQs | Set 4
Introduction to Psychology MCQs | PSY101 MCQs | Set 4
MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)
1) Which of the following psychologist would argue that a criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older boys who engaged in criminal activities?
a) Behaviorist
b) Psychoanalytic
c) Functionalist
d) Structuralist
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
The psychologist who would argue that a criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older boys who engaged in criminal activities is more likely to be associated with a behaviorist perspective.
Behaviorism focuses on how individuals learn behaviors through their interactions with the environment, including the influence of social factors and reinforcement. In this case, the criminal behavior is seen as a learned response based on the individual's exposure to criminal activities in their environment, such as older boys engaging in criminal behavior.
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2) The rate at which food converts into energy and then is expended by
the
body is known as what?
a) Metabolism
b) Deuteranopia
c) Calcitonin
d) Oxytocin
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
Metabolism is a complex biochemical process that takes place within your body to convert the food you eat into energy that your body can use for various functions. This energy is essential for your body to perform activities like breathing, moving, digesting food, and maintaining its overall function.
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3) Secondary motives are also known as which of the following?
a) Psychosocial motives
b) Biological motives
c) Psychological motives
d) Emotional motives
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
Secondary motives, also known as psychological motives, refer to motives or desires that are not directly related to biological or physiological needs. These motives are more complex and are often driven by psychological and social factors.
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4) Who among the following talked about the “cognitive maps”?
a) Tolman
b) Skinner
c) Thorndike
d) Maslow
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
Edward C. Tolman was a psychologist known for his work on cognitive maps.
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5) Which of the following is the main contribution of Kohler in the Gestalt School?
a) Learning by Insight
b) Learning by Imitation
c) Learning by Trial and Error
d) Learning by Conditioning
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
Wolfgang Köhler was a prominent psychologist associated with the Gestalt School of psychology. His main contribution to psychology was the concept of "Learning by Insight." Here's an explanation of what this means:
Learning by Insight:
Learning by insight is a form of problem-solving that involves sudden and clear understanding or comprehension of a problem's solution. It often occurs in a flash of insight, where individuals suddenly see the relationships between different elements of a problem and understand how they fit together.
Key Points about Learning by Insight:
Sudden Understanding: In learning by insight, individuals experience a moment of sudden clarity or realization. They go from not understanding a problem to suddenly seeing the solution without the need for gradual trial and error.
Restructuring of Information: Köhler believed that during the process of insight, the individual mentally restructures information. They form new mental connections and reorganize their mental representation of the problem.
Not Based on Conditioning: Unlike some other theories of learning that emphasize conditioning (such as behaviorism), Köhler's theory of learning by insight highlighted that insight learning doesn't rely on repetitive reinforcement or conditioning. It's a cognitive process.
Gestalt Psychology: Köhler's work was closely tied to Gestalt psychology, which emphasizes the importance of understanding the whole (Gestalt) rather than just its individual parts. Insight often involves seeing the whole problem or situation in a new way.
Chimpanzee Studies: Köhler conducted famous experiments with chimpanzees on Tenerife, where he observed them solving problems using insight. For example, he found that chimpanzees could use sticks to reach food placed out of their immediate reach, demonstrating problem-solving abilities.
In summary, Wolfgang Köhler's main contribution to the Gestalt School of psychology was the idea of learning by insight. This concept highlighted the importance of sudden understanding and restructuring of information in problem-solving, challenging the behaviorist view of learning through gradual conditioning and trial and error. Köhler's work had a significant influence on our understanding of cognitive processes and problem-solving in both humans and animals.
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6) Organized bodies of information stored in memory are called what?
a) Norms
b) Cognitions
c) Schema
d) Traits
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
Schemas are cognitive structures or mental frameworks that organize and store information in our memory. They represent our knowledge and understanding of various concepts, objects, events, or situations.
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7) Which statement is true about Flashbulb memories?
a) Usually concern events that are emotionally charged
b) Usually concern events from early childhood
c) Are almost always highly accurate
d) Are not subject to periodic revision
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
Flashbulb memories are typically associated with events that are emotionally significant and arousing. These events can include both positive and negative emotional experiences, but they are often vividly remembered due to the emotional impact they have on individuals. However, it's important to note that the accuracy of flashbulb memories can vary, and they are not always highly accurate, which contradicts option c. Flashbulb memories can be subject to distortions and revisions over time, so they are not immune to changes.
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8) Which one of the following is not included in bodily changes during emotions?
a) Weakness or fainting
b) Muscle tension
c) Trembling
d) Lever cancer
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
Weakness or fainting, muscle tension, and trembling are examples of bodily changes that can occur during emotional responses, but "liver cancer" is not a typical bodily change associated with emotions. It's important to note that emotions can have various physiological effects on the body, but cancer is a separate medical condition unrelated to emotional responses.
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9) A German psychologist Wolfgang Kohler was one of the
first psychologists who observed which of the
following
phenomenon?
a) Insight
b) Deductive reasoning
c) Inductive Thinking
d) Trial and error
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'a'.
Explanation:
The German psychologist Wolfgang Köhler was one of the first psychologists to observe the phenomenon of Insight.
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10) WAIS-R was developed by which of the following psychologist?
a) Simon-Binet
b) Raymond Cattell
c) David Wechsler
d) James Mckeen Cattell
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
The WAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised) was developed by David Wechsler.
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