Essential of Genetics MCQs | BIO301 MCQs | Set 1
Essential of Genetics MCQs | BIO301 MCQs | Set 1
MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)
1) Genetics can be studied by
a) One way
b) Two ways
c) Three ways
d) Four ways
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'd'.
Explanation:
Genetics can be studied in four ways:
- Classical genetics: This is the traditional approach to genetics, which involves studying the inheritance of traits in populations.
- Molecular genetics: This approach focuses on the molecular basis of heredity, including the structure and function of DNA and RNA.
- Population genetics: This approach studies the genetic variation within populations and how it changes over time.
- Quantitative genetics: This approach uses statistical methods to study the inheritance of traits that are influenced by multiple genes.
______________________________
2) Example of Mendelian genetics
a) Gene linkage
b) Pliotropy
c) Epigenetic
d) None
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'd'.
Explanation:
______________________________
3) If two genes are more close then frequency of cross over will be:
b) Low
d) Medium
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'b'
Explanation:
If two genes are closely linked on the same chromosome, the frequency of crossing over between them is low. This is because crossing over occurs more frequently between genes that are farther apart on the chromosome. Genes that are close together are often inherited together as a single unit, which is a key concept in genetic linkage.
______________________________
4) In ABO blood group system:
a) Allele A is dominant over allele B
b) Allele B is dominant over allele A
c) Alleles A and B show co-dominance
d) Alleles A and B show incomplete dominance
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
In the ABO blood group system, alleles A and B show co-dominance. This means that if an individual has one allele for blood type A and one allele for blood type B, they will express both A and B antigens on their red blood cells, resulting in blood type AB. Neither allele is dominant over the other, and they both contribute to the individual's blood type.
______________________________
5) Cross for determination of genotype of an individual
a) Cross over
b) Hybrid cross
c) Dihybrid cross
d) Test cross
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'd'.
Explanation:
A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an individual by crossing them with a homozygous recessive individual. This is done to determine whether the individual in question is homozygous dominant or heterozygous for a specific trait. It helps reveal the genotype of the individual by observing the phenotypic ratios of the offspring.
______________________________
6) Genes are present on chromosomes first time said by
a) Greogor Mendel
b) T.H.Morgan
c) Walther Flemming
d) T.J.Robert
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'b'.
Explanation:
Thomas Hunt Morgan was the first scientist to say that genes are present on chromosomes. He made this discovery in 1910 through his work with fruit flies.
Morgan noticed that certain traits, such as eye color and wing shape, were inherited together more often than expected by chance. He hypothesized that these traits were located close together on the same chromosome. He was able to confirm his hypothesis by studying the inheritance of these traits in fruit flies with different mutations.
Morgan's work revolutionized our understanding of heredity and laid the foundation for the field of modern genetics.
Gregor Mendel, Walther Flemming, and T.J. Robert were all important figures in the development of genetics, but they did not propose that genes are present on chromosomes.
______________________________
7) Which one is true?
a) Sister chromatids are not identical in mitosis
b) Sister chromatids are identical in meiosis
c) Sister chromatids are not identical in meiosis
d) Non sister chromatids are identical in mitosis
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'b'.
Explanation:
Sister chromatids are exact copies of each other and are therefore identical in meiosis. Meiosis is a process that involves the division of germ cells to form haploid gametes (sperm and egg cells), and during this process, homologous chromosomes segregate and recombine, resulting in genetic diversity. Non-sister chromatids, which come from homologous chromosomes, can exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over, leading to genetic variation among the resulting gametes.
______________________________
8) Tetrads align at center:
a) Telophase I
b) Prophase I
c) Metaphase
I
d) Anaphase I
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'c'.
Explanation:
Tetrads, which consist of pairs of homologous chromosomes, align at the center during Metaphase I of meiosis. This alignment is an important step in the process of meiosis, allowing for the separation of homologous chromosomes during Anaphase I.
______________________________
9) Haploid cells are produced by:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Both
d) Parthenogenesis
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'b'.
Explanation:
Haploid cells are produced through the process of meiosis, which reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid daughter cells. Mitosis, on the other hand, produces diploid daughter cells. Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual and may produce haploid offspring in some cases.
______________________________
10) Chromosomes become fit in the central line
a) Anaphase
b) Metaphase
c) Telophase
d) Prophase
Correct Answer:
The correct answer is 'b'.
Explanation:
During metaphase of cell division (either mitosis or meiosis), chromosomes align along the metaphase plate, also known as the cell's equator. This is the phase when the chromosomes are most tightly packed and aligned in the center of the cell before they are separated during anaphase.
______________________________
No comments